Paraguay

Five linguistic families and 19 Indigenous Peoples self-identify in Paraguay: the Guaraní (Aché, Avá Guaraní, Mbya, Pai Tavytera, Guaraní Ñandeva, Guaraní Occidental), Maskoy (Toba Maskoy, Enlhet North, Enxet South, Sanapaná, Angaité, Guaná), Mataco Mataguayo (Nivaclé, Maká, Manjui), Zamuco (Ayoreo, Yvytoso, Tomáraho) and Guaicurú (Qom). According to statistics from 2017, the country's Indigenous population stands at 122,461 people.

Chapter V of the 1992 Constitution recognizes Indigenous Peoples as cultural groups dating back to before the formation and organization of the Paraguayan State, recognizing them rights such as ethnic identity, communal property, participation and education, and taking into account their cultural features.

Paraguay has a legal framework that guarantees and recognizes a wide range of rights in favour of Indigenous Peoples, having ratified the main instruments of international human rights law, both in the universal and Inter-American systems.